Democracy innghahna lungphum pawimawh berte zinga mi, Democracy ram ni ve lo ten an awh ngawih ngawih chu mipuite’n kan duhzawng mai bakah, kan duh loh zawng chena sawi chhuak thei tura zalenna kan neih hi a ni.
Amaherawh chu, khawvel ram hrang hrang – India ram ngeiah pawh tunhnaiah nasa takin he Democracy lungphum pawimawh tak zalenna hi nawr chepin a awm chho mek tih hi mi tam tak hmuh dan a ni. Eng mi pawh ram hruaitu niin, eng party paw’n sawrkarna siam se, he zalenna pawimawh tak kan neih hi kan vawnhim tlat loh chuan kan ram Democracy dinhmun ngei pawh hi a derthawng thei hle dawn niin an ngai.
Mipui rorelna ram ‘Democracy’ kan tih hi kum 5 dana hruaitu thlan hi a ni ringawt lo a. Kan nitin ei bar zawnna te, kan dikna chanvo leh zalenna hrang hrang kan neihte vawnhim chenin a huam zau hle. Tin, tupawhin dam khawchhuak tura a mamawh zualpui (basic needs) tal a neih a, hlim taka khawsa ho thei turte; thuneihna chelhtute pawhin tumah thlauh thla (exclude) bik lova hmasawnna huapzo awm tur a kalphung leh ruahmanna felfai duang a, rorelna dik leh tha a awm theihna atana mipui thawh hona a ni ber. Democracy nihna leh a tum tak tak pawchhuak tur chuan mitinin zalenna chu kan lo mamawh ta a, tha kan tih zawng leh tih lemloh zawngte faksel a, thil tha zawk a chhuah theih nan ngaituahna kan sen ho a tul a. Chumi chu a taka a hlawhtlin theihna tur chuan kan duh ang sawi theihna ‘free speech’ kan tih hi a pawimawhzia kan hriat thar fo a tul takzet a ni.
David Sailo Case
Opposition party worker pakhat leh social media-a thuziak taima tak thin, David Sailo-te chu nikum khan ‘fake account’ hmanga thudik tawk lo thehdarha puh niin, police-in an man thu chanchinthar lamah kan hmu hlawmin a rinawm. Fake account hman leh information dik tawk lo (Misinformation) thehdarh hi social media-ah hian dan hleitheih pawh a ni chiah lo a. Pawi nasa zawk a thlen lohna tura khuahkhirh deuh tul tihna erawh khawvel hmun tinah a lian chho sawt hle.
Chutih rual chuan, thuneitu lam ten an pawm loh zawng leh kher-tu (critical) deuh hmet mit tur leh an ka hup tura an hmanraw hman fo chu IT Act, defamation, sedition, UAPA leh adt. hi a ni awm e.
India ramah pawh party hrang hrang sawrkarah hetiang thuneihna hmansualna hi a lo awm fo tawh thin a, kum 2014 hnu lamah phei chuan a rawn hluar chho viau a ni. Journalists, academics, activists leh artists thlengin sawrkar kherna leh sawiselna lam hawi uar deuh chu dan behchhan mumal tak pawh awm lem lovin nasa taka umzui (target) leh nghaisak an ni a, a then phei chu lung inah ‘trial’ mumal awm silovin an tang reng mai a ni. Jesuit Priest, mi hnuaihnung berte tana a nun leh hun pum hlana thawk thin, kum 80 chuang tawh, Father Stan Swamy-a phei chu an puhna ‘evidence’ mumal awm si loin rei tak lung ina khung a nih hnuah, thuneihna hmang sualtute nghaisakna avangin lung in hreawm takah April, 2021 khan a boral hial anih kha.
SP-a Jongte Case
Mizoram Chief Minister Pu Lalduhoma chuan, kum 2024 bul lama Press Conference a neihnaah ‘fake account’ hmanga hruaitute bei thintute warning a pek thu kan hmu a. A hnu lawkah MNF Hnam Run Jt. Secretary pakhat, Spa Jongte tih chu police-in an man thu leh bail pawh phal a nih loh thu chanchinbuah tarlan a ni. News agency lamin an tarlan dan chuan, fake account ‘Tlangval U Hranga’ tih hmangin Sihhmui khaw bula thihna mak tak thleng kha kan C.M. leh a thiante pahnih ten inrawlhna an nei emawni dawn le tih theih turin ‘indirect allegation’ a nei niin a lang. Mahse, chu a puhna ni-a sawiah chuan ‘direct reference’ leh “he thil hi chumi tih chu a ni e” tih engmah a inziak lo thung.
Tin, ‘fake account’ hrim hrim hi dan phal loh (illegal) a ni chiah lo a. India ramah hian political party tin mai hian ‘fake account’ hi ‘social media platform’ hrang hrangah neiin, a bikin, election campaign lai te phei chuan an hmang tangkai hlawm hle tih chu zep rual a ni lo. Chutih rualin, fake account hmanga lemchang, midang nihna (real person’s identity) hmanga thil lo ti thin (impersonate) leh chumi hmanrua a hmanga pawi khawih thinte erawh IT Act hnuaiah hrem theihna dan a awm a. Thuneitu ten tul lutuk loa thiltihtheihna hmanga dan an chelek nasat em avangin, Section 66A of IT Act chu kum 2015 khan Supreme Court in ‘Ram danpui kalh a ni (unconstitutional)’ tiin Danbu atangin a lo paih hial tawh a ni.
Social media tualzawla fake account hmanga mi thenkhat politics khelh dan hrisel lo leh inpuhchhiatna hrisel lo tak takte hian min ti chhangchhiain, nin leh huat pawh a hlawh teh meuh mai. Chutih rual erawh chuan, dan behchhan mumal tak awm si lo a, kan ril rem zawng leh pawm zawng anih loh avang ringawta dan bawhchhiaa inpuha, pawi lian tak khawih ang hrima bail hleihtheih loh tur hiala lung ina inkhung hi mihring dikna chanvo palzutna (Human Rights Violation) lian tak a ni.
Eng sawrkarah pawh, selna leh beihna hi opposition party atangin a ni emaw, mipui atangin a ni emaw pawh ni se, mipui rorelna ‘democracy’ sawrkar tikimtu leh ti hmasawntu a ni. Mimal zalenna rah behna sawrkar (Authoritarian/Totalitarian regime) a kan luh lohna atana vengtu, ‘safety valve‘ pawimawh tak a ni. Thuneihna leh thiltihtheihna dihmuna ding tupawh hi venpui mamawh lo an awm loh zia leh, thuneihna venpui lohin mipui a rahbehna leh a lukhawng rapthlak tak takte khawvel history ah hmuh theihin a awm a ni.
Spa Jongte thuziak ni awm a an sawi kha ngun taka chhiar chuan, court a ‘criminalize‘-na tur khawpa hlin chat tur a vang fu awm e. Defamation case anga kal pawh ni se case lian (strong) tak a ni lem lo mai thei. Ani kha bail theihloha man ni a tarlan a ni a, defamation hi ‘bailable offence‘ a ni thung. Thuneihna hmang sual duh tan erawh Penal Law leh IT Act section thenkhat hmeh bel chawpa an rilrem lo zawng te sawisak nana rem leh rem lo a hmang an awm fo reng a ni.
Kha an manna chhan bera an sawi a thil post ah khan, ‘Pu Duhoma tih a ni e..’ tih ‘direct reference’ awm miah lo lehnghal a(?). Thihna thlenna bul lawka a thiante pahnih nen silai an inkahsiak thu a sawi a ni. He case bik hi mimal (personal) taka lain, politics-a inchirhthehna tam tak zinga pakhatah hian, huat bik leh phuba lakna (vindictive) a awm deuh hrim hrim ni te pawhin a ngaih theih hial a. ZPM partry ten an intiam ang ngeiin dan mita intluktlanna ‘rule of law’ hi kalphung tharah a awm chhoh zel erawh beisei phawt ang.
Eng chenin nge i zalen?
Kum 7 vel kalta khan Mamit lam Sumo service pakhat motor hnung lama “Kawng chhe lutuk hi ka chau, Lalpa eiruk theihna lakah min veng ang che” tih thuziak tawite chu sawrkarin ngaimawhin District Transport Officer (DTO) kaltlangin thu awm leh hma chu service tawh lo tura thupek a ni a. Motor document thlenga laksak a nih thu hriat a ni a. Thil lian tham tak ni lem lo ah thuneitu lamin khati chiama hma an la kha hriatthiam a harin mak tih a hlawh a ni.
A thu inziak lah thudik tak ‘kawngchhiat thu’ leh, kan ram hmelma lian eirukna lak a ta fihlim tura Pathian a auhna a ni mai a; a khawi lai kha nge Mizoram sawrkar huatthu a sawi a, a eng lai kha nge dan dan kalh a che a nih na? tih hi mipui te zawhna a ni reng a ni. Direct taka sawkar a beihna hmuh tur awm lo a; sawrkar beihna pawh lo ni ta se, thudik behchhan a nih chuan dan bawhchhiatna (criminal offence) a nih a rinawm chuang hauh loh.
The Mizoram Transport Vehicle Rules 1995 (Motor Vehicle Act 1988 kenkawh anih theihna tur atana Mizoram sawrkarin dan a siam)-ah chuan phek 77-78 a Rule 150 (i)-ah chuan ti hian a inziak a, “No advertising device, figure, or writing shall be exhibited on any transport vehicle save as may be specified by the State Transport Authority by general or special order”. Sawrkar lam mi leh sa thenkhat ni awma ngaih ten, he dan behchhan hian DTO- in action a la niin an insawifiah bawk.
Transport Department chuan social media lama a darh hnu leh inhnialna nasa tak a chawhchhhuah hnu, ni 14.7.2017 khan he dan tarlan tak leh State Transport Authority (STA) in information a tihchhuahte chu mumal taka kengkawh turin district tin DTO te a hriattir hnuhnawh a nih kha.
He rule 150 (i) hi fakna (advertisement) chungchang bik a sawina ni in lang a. India ram state tam zawkah pawh hemi lama inkaihruaina dan an neih zulzui pawh a ni reng a ni. Election kaihnawih leh fakna atana motor/private property-a phalna la hmasa lova thil ziah leh tar hi Election Commission of India pawhin a khap tlat a ni (Rule 150 (i) chungchang bik a a hrilhfiahtu tur leh a thu ken tichiangtu tur chu court a nih angin chu chu court kutah dah ta ila). Nimahsela, Mamit Sumo chungchangah chuan a chunga kan dan sawite hi a lekkawh theih kherin a rinawm loh – kha motor-a thu inziak kha fakna a ni lo a, election laia political party emaw candidate ten emaw an mahni party thu an puanchhuahna ‘slogan’ a ni hek lo. Amaherawh chu, private-owned public transport vehicle ah te thuziak reng reng khapna dan a ni ti a Transport Vehicle Rules150(i) hi sawrkar lamin tanfungah hmangin a huamtir an a nih chuan, Indian Constitution a Fundamental Right to Freedom of Speech and Expression (Article 19 (1a)) kalh ni ngeiin a rinawm.
Chutih rual erawh chuan, freedom of speech pawh hi India Danpuiah vek awmze neia hrekna (reasonable restriction) a awm a, he’ng – “Security of the State, friendly relations with foreign States, public order, decency and morality, contempt of court, defamation, incitement to an offence, and sovereignty and integrity of India” te hi sawrkarin hrekna a siam theihna chhante an ni (Article 19 (2). Hei pawh hi fiah felfai taka sawfiahna a awm loh avangin Court hrilhfiahna leh thutlukna hrang hrang awm tawhte behchhana dan lek kawh a ni mai thin.
State hrang hrangah MV Act 1988 behchhana a hnuaia dan tesep siam a, public transport vehicle-a thil tar chungchang inkaihhruaina hi siam ni bawk mah se, fakna tar chungchang an ni tlangpui a. Supreme Court chuan fakna zawng zawng hi a thu ken a zirin freedom of speech and expression hian huam vek lem lo bawk mah se, ‘idea’ puang chhuak thil ho chu a huam ve ngei hlawm a ni tih a lo tichiang tawh bawk ( Hamdard Dwarkhand vs Union of India).
Delhi sawrkarin MV Act 1988 hnuaia ‘Delhi Motor Vehicle rules 1993’ behchhana fakna tar chungchang inkaihhruaina a siam chu NGO pakhatin a khing a. A khin chhan thenkhat te chu – India Danpui hnuaia dikna chanvo ‘freedom of speech & expression’ a kalh tih te, Dan tesep ( MV rules) siam hi a danpui ( parent act /MV Act)-in thuneihna a pek loh bakah leh a danpui ( parent act/ MV Act) thil tum a thelh a, MV Act in dan tesep (rules) siamtheihna a pek hian midang hnenah dan tesep siam lehchhawn theihna (sub delegation) a pe thei lo, tih te a ni. Sawrkar a khinna thenkhat hi kan thil khel lai mek Mamit motor case nen hian a inzul hle a ni.
Public transport vehicle-a thilziak tar hrim hrim phek khap (blanket prohibition)-na atana he dan her rem tum emaw, phalsak chin bik siam tura thuneitu dang hnena dan tesep (rules) hmanga hlan chhawn (sub-delegation) te hi dan mit tling zo lo a ngaih a ni. Delhi High Court hian sawrkar inkaihhruaina siam hi hmang rih loh turin a ti nghe nghe (Satish Saluja & Ors Vrs Govt of NCT of Delhi).
He’ng NGO-te ang hian huaisen takin dan angin hma la ve ila eng tak ang i maw? Dan rorelna leh Democracy-ah chuan mipuiin heti taka kan helh tlan leh mipui mimir in thiamloh kan chantir (social sanction) thil hi chu tu tan mah en liam mai theih a ni lo ang. Mi hang (African-American) dikna chanvo sualtu ropui Martin Luther King Jr. chuan “Dan lai lo leh dan dik lo chu mi tupawhin a ngaihtuahna thiang tak atanga zawm lo turin mawhphurhna a nei a ni” a lo ti hmiah mai. Hun laihawla kohhran pa, St. Augustine pawhin “Dan lai lo leh dik lo chu dan awm lo tluk zeta laktlak loh a ni” a lo ti a ni.
Art leh Zalenna
March ni 6, 2020 khan Chapchar Kut lawmna atan Vanapa Hall-ah Art Exhibition buatsaih a ni a. Hemi tuma lemziak phochuah, khatih hunlaia Mizoram CM Pu Zoramthanga lem chu MNF Thalai ten la thlain an dah bo a. He thil thleng chungchang hi Chanchinthar lamah kan hmu zui nghal a, social media lamah pawh sawi zui a hlawh hle.
He milem ziaktu Lalthlanchhuaha chu he thil thleng chungchangah hian a lungawi lo hle a, a lemziak chu a phalna tel loin MNF Thalai ten an lak bo sak niin a sawi. MNF Thalai lam chuan Chief Minister Pu Zoramthanga lem ziah a nih dan chu an party President ‘zahawmna tibawrhbang thei’ a nih avanga la bo an nih thu an sawi ve thung. Engtiang takin nge MNF President zahawmna chu a tih bawrhban? tih erawh zawhna lian tak a ni. Kha lemziak, MNYF ten an rukbo ah khan Pu Zoramthanga kha hlim taka a nui lai hmel kan hmu thei a; a hnung lamah RSS/BJP rawng deuh saffron colour lang bawkin, a lem hualtu rin bial kha lotus pangpar mawi tak niin a hriat bawk a. MNYF lamin an hotupa zahawmna tibawrhbang thei ber tur ni-a an ngaih chu saffron colour leh lotus pangpar lem te kha a nih hmel. Chutih rual chuan, MNF party hi BJP kaihhruai NDA/NEDA a tel ve a nih avangin a lemziak kha thudik lo leh belchian dawl lo han tih thawr theih a ni hauh lo.
Hetiang deuh hian India chhulchhuak artist ropui MF Hussain te, Tamil writer lar Perumal te kha Hindu firfiak hovin an lo bei tawh thin a. A thuziah avanga chawimawina sang Booker Prize hial lo dawng tawhtu Salman Rushdie ngei pawh a nunna lak tumin Muslim firfiak ho chuan nasa takin an lo bei tawh bawk a ni.
Hun inlumlet zela dan thutlukna leh zalenna vawnhimna
British in India ram an awp lai khan Kumpinu sawrkar sawiselna satliah deuh pawh kha ngaithei lovin India ram hruaitu thenkhat Gandhi, Nehru, Tilak, leh adt. kha lung inah an khung fo mai a. Chu dan hleih nei tak chu India ram zalenna sualtu (freedom fighters) ho pawh khan an lo dodal nasa thin hle a ni. India ramin zalenna a hmuh hnu pawh khan min awptu British ho dan siam (colonial laws) tam tak la hman chhunzawm zel a nih avangin sawrkar sawiselna leh sawrkar thiltih dik loh hai lan tum thintute kha India sawrkar chuan misual a chhuahin, thiamloh chantir dan mawlh zawngin British ho hunlai ang tho khan thuneihna an hmangsual nasa a. Court case tam tak pawh a awm reng a; chung zinga pawimawh tak, tun thlenga Judge te leh dan lam mithiam (legal luminaries) ten zalenna chungchanga inhnialna ‘freedom speech debate’ a awm changa an la behchhan ber, court thutlukna mellung pawimawh (historic judgement) tak pakhat chu kum 1962 kuma Supreme Court in ‘Kedarnath Judgment’ a tih chhuah kha a ni. He thutlukna pawimawh tak hi a hnu zela sawrkar thiltih dik loh ni-a an hriat an hailan leh an sawiselna kawnga mimal leh a huhova hma la thin ten, sawrkarin thiamloh chantir tuma a beih pawha an tan chhan leh court thutlukna siamtute pawhin an tanfung (reference) langsar ber pakhat a ni ta zel a.
Kedarnath Judgement chuan sawrkar sawiselna satliah hi midangte tharum thawh tura va fuihna emaw, law & order problem siam tumnate a awm a nih si loh chuan ‘criminal offence’ a tling lo, tiin chiang takin thutlukna a siam a (Kedarnath Das v. State of Bihar, AIR 1962 SC 955). Tin, ram pakhat ve riang ruang, sakhua, culture, tawng chi hrang hrang inpawlh nuai mai mihring 1.3 billion chuang zet awmnaah chuan ‘fundamental rights’ kan neih leh dan tesep kan neih hrang hrangte a lo inkalh deuh chang a awm lo thei lo a. Chutiang harsatna a lo thlen chuan engtin nge chinfel theih anih ang? tiin Supreme Court pawhin hemi kaihhnawih thutlukna vawi enge maw zat a lo siam tawh a, entirnan- Champakam Dorairajan Case (1952), Golakh Nath Case (1967), Kesavanath Bharati Case (1973), Minerva Mill Case (1980).
Heng judgment hrang hrang khaikhawmna atanga lo lang ta chu Parliament meuh pawhin India Danpui siamthat (amend) theihna power nei mah se, India Danpuia a laimu leh ruhrel ‘Basic structure of Constitution’ chu a tidanglam thiang lo tih a ni. Tin, dan tesep dangte leh ‘Fundamental rights’ ho zingah thil inkalh deuh a lo awm a nih pawhin ‘Fundamental rights’ hi a dingchang zawk zel tur a ni, tiin thutlukna a siam a. Chutih rual chuan, Directive principles of State Policy (DPSP) bika Article 39 (b) & (c), ‘mi tlemte kuta sum leh pai/wealth a awm lohna tura inkaihhruaina’ emaw ram pum buai (Emergency) emaw lai tih lohah chuan eng dan mah ‘Fundamental Rights’ chungah emaw kalh zawngin emaw a awm thiang lo a ni, tiin SC thutlukna hi case hrang hrang kan en chuan kan hmu thei ang.
He’ng dan tesep kan tih hian India ram state hrang hranga kan dan siam Motor Vehicles Act/Rules te pawh hi a huam vek a ni ti ila kan sawi sual awm lo e. Kum 2011 India Against Corruption Movement (IAC) vanglai pawh khan Cartoonist pakhat Aseem Trivedi chuan Anna Hazare kaihhruaina a movement inmung mek support na’n ‘Cartoon Against Corruption’ a tlangaupui a; website te neiin a website www.cartoonsagainstcorruption.com ah khan sawrkar kalphung dik lo leh hlemhletna (corrupt) leh politician te sawiselna rorum tak tak a tarlang thin. Chung zinga cartoon pakhatah phei chuan Trivedi chuan India National Emblem a sakeibaknei pali awmte chu chinghnia thisena tuihal (politician) ah a thlak a, a thu inziak “Satyamev Jayate (Thudik chauh dingchang rawh se)” tih chu “Bhrashtamev Jayate (Corruption chu lo lalber zel rawh se)” tiin a thlak bawk a. He cartoon avang hian Trivedi hian ram leh hnam tana pawi sawi case (sedition) mai ni lovin, national emblem tibawrhbang leh IT Law a bawhchhia tiin man a ni a, lung inah pawh kum 2012 September khan chawlhkar hnih vel dah a ni nghe nghe.
He buainaa Trivedi man a nih dan hi dan lam thiam (legal experts) tam tak ngaihdan a ni lo hle a, thuneitute an chhuahchhal hial a ni. Supreme Court Judge hlui leh chutih hunlaia Press Council of India Chairman Justice Katju chuan, “Trivedi hian engmah dan bawhchhiatna a nei lova, amah dik lo taka man a, lung ina dahtute te hian thil sual an ti zawk a ni” tiin IPC a ‘wrongful arrest and confinement’ behchhanin cartoonist thlavang hi a hauh a. Bombay High Court chuan March 18, 2015 khan he case chungchangah hian judgement siamin “He Cartoonist hian tharum thawh zawnga che turin tumah a fuihpawrh lo a, Sawrkar leh a kutke (government/state machinery) laka a thinrimna leh lungawilohna a tilang satliah ve mai a ni. Tute pawhin sawrkar kalphung leh inrelbawlna hi na tak tak pawhin an sawisel thei a, tharum thawh tura midang fuihna thu an sawi a nih loh chuan ‘criminal offence/sedition’ a ni thei lo” tiin thutlukna (verdict) a siam ta a ni (Sanskar Marathe vs State of Maharashtra & Ors. [2015 CriLJ 3561]). He judgement hi activist-lawyer Sanskar Marathe in PIL file a Trivedi dik lo taka man a nih dan a choletna rahchhuah a ni kan ti thei awm e.
Tin, IPC section 124-A leh 153-A hnuaia charge, kum 1984-a Punjab-a Akali Movement kaihhnawihah khan hetiang case deuh tho hi a awm a. Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, October ni 31 tlai a thah a nih khan, Punjab Government hnuaia sawrkar hnathawk pahnih Balwant Singh leh Bhupinder Singh te lawm lutuk chu an auhla ‘sloganeering’ avanga man an ni a. Kum khat hreawm taka lung in atanga, cheng 500 ve ve chawi bawk tura Lower Court in a hrem chu Supreme Court-in thiam a chantir tak pawh a lo awm tawh a ni (SC Judgement:Balwant Singh And Anr vs State Of Punjab on 1 March, 1995).
Hmanni lawka Supreme Court vekin Shreya Singhal case a Section 66 A of IT Act a paihthlak dan te pawh kha kan la hre hlawmin a rinawm. Kha thutlukna (historic judgement), Indian Constitutional lawyer hmingthang Fali S. Nariman a fapa leh tunlai SC judge langsar, Justice Rohinton Nariman leh Guwhati High Court Chief Justice hlui Justice J. Chelameswar-te siamah khan ‘speech’ hi chi thumin then a ni a, chungte chu – discussion, advocacy leh incitement te an ni. Discussion leh advocacy ringawt hi chu criminal offence a tling lo a, dan phal loha che tura fuihna (incitement) a tel chiahin Article 19 (2) hnuaia hrekna (reasonable restriction) kha a lekkawh theih chauh a ni, tiin, freedom of speech chungchanga judgement pawimawh tak a awm bawk a ni. (The Court holds that mere discussion or even advocacy of a particular cause, howsoever unpopular, is at the heart of Article 19(1)(a). It is only when such discussion or advocacy reaches the level of incitement that Article 19(2) kicks in. Shreya Singhal vs U.O.I on 24 March, 2015). Heti hian Mizo tawngin letling dawn ila – ‘Court chuan a thuphunga thil sawiho satliah emaw, rawtna leh pawmpuina emaw engtianga lem har pawh ni se, Article 19(1)(a) laimu a ni a. Chu thil sawina leh rawtna/ pawmpuina chuan dan bawhchhia a chet la ngei tura tih tirna a ken tel chauh in Article 19(2) hnuaia khapna hi a hman theih a ni’
Dan hnuaiah mipuite kan zalen
Mamit Sumo buaina chungchangah te khan thil chiang tak chu, a hunlaia sawrkarna fawng chelhtute (Congress party) khan an mahni direct taka beihna pawh ni lo, motor neitu/driver pakhatin kawngchhe lutuk a chauh pui thu a auchhuahpuina kha dan tan chhan (legal basis) mumal tak pawh nei lovin, anmahni beihna emaw tiin huat ah an la ni maiin a lang zawk. Chuti ni lo se, thuziak hrim hrim transport vehicle-a tarlan an khap dawn a nih chuan Zoram chhunga motor tam zawk hi chu service thei lo tur an ni ngei ang. Sawrkar MLA seat 40 ah 32 lai nei theiin khatiang thuziak hote huatah a la dawn a nih chuan huat tur leh khap tura pui hi a tam dawn lutuk a, an inkhap seng meuh lo ang. Tin, chutiang khapna fahrah te te chu chu ram Danpui laimu (Constitutional principle) kalh a ni tih leh Democracy awmze hrethiam miah lo te rorelna rahchhuah a ni tih mipuiin kan hriat a, kan dodal ngam a ngai a ni.
Chutiang thil dik lohna palzam ching leh mipuite dikna chanvo rahhrual pawisa lo sawrkar kan nei a nih chuan mipuite tan vanduaina tawpkhawk a ni. Democracy inghahna lungphum chu mipuite (demos) kan ni a. Sawrkar a lo pian chhuahna chhan leh roreltu kan neihna chhante pawh hi kan zavaia that tlanna beiseina rilru atanga rawn chhuak a ni. Kan him leh that tlanna (collective security/welfare) atan kan mimal zalenna thenkhat kan dah kham a, chumi insiamremna atanga sawrkar/state pawh hi lo piang a ni chauh zawk a ni.
Mimal zalenna a pumhlum (absolute) lo ang bawkin Sawrkar thuneihna (power) pawh democracy ramah chuan a pumhlum (absolute) thiang chuang lo a. Eng sawrkarah pawh, thuneihna hmansualna lak ata mipuite venghim tura mipui dikna chanvo te hi ram danpui duangtuten invenna atana an lo dah lawk diam a lo ni.
Sawrkarna chelhtuten thusawi/thuziak an duh loh deuh leh an ngaimawh zawng apiang an umzui (target) a, dan bawhchhia tia an hrem (criminalize) mai loh nan ‘Right to Freedom of Speech and Expression’ pawh hi mumal taka Danpuia lo awm a ni tih Constituent Assembly Debate kan chhiar chuan kan hre thei ang. Venpuina (checks & balances) awm lova sawrkar thuneihna a filawr lutuk chuan kan zavai tan chhiatna zakhua a ni tih hi history atang pawhin mipuite hian kan inzir fing tawhin a rinawm.
Sawrkar thuneihna rawn chhuahna tobul chu mipuite remtihna (popular consent) a ni a. Eng party pawh sawrkar se, chutianga mipui remtihna pawh zahzo lo a an dikna chanvo rahbehsak ching sawrkar chu mipuite hian paihthlak theihna thuneihna sang tak an nei a ni tih hi hriat reng a pawimawh a, kum 5 dana kan inthlana, vote kan thlak ringawtah hian mipuite hi kan dikna chanvo leh mawhphurhna (democratic rights leh responsibility) a tawp mai lo a ni tih chenin.
Kan nitin nun honaah leh sawrkarin dan leh thupek a kenkawhna kawngah te, public policy a siamnaah te hian mipuite hian aw (voice) chi hrang hrang leh vei leh ngaihpawimawh zawng (interests) hrang hrang kan neihte hi kan sawichhuak thiang a, chu chu eng sawrkar mahin a ngaihthah thiang lo.
Kan veng, khawtlang leh ram inrelbawlna atana tha tur, kan zavaia ngun taka forum hrang hrang a kan ngaihtuah hova, tha kan tih zawng leh tha kan tih lem loh pawh sawi chhuaka mumal taka ngaihtuah hona (public deliberation) a awm hi Democracy hrisel leh mumal zawk kan neih theihna tur atana rahbi pawimawh ber zinga pakhat a ni. Chutiang tih theihna hmun leh hun awmlohna ram chu ‘Democracy’ ram ti-a koh theih a ni lo ang. Chutiang boruak (environment) tha leh zalen a awm theihna tur atana mipuite fundamental rights vawn him chu thlantlin sawrkar leh dan humhimtu (judicial institutions) te mawhphurhna pawimawh berte zinga mi a ni ti ila kan sawi sual awm lo e.
British Philosopher John Stuart Mill chuan “democracy hi sawihona sawrkar (Democracy is a government by discussion)” tiin a lo sawi a. Chu sawihonaah chuan inthliarna awm lo in khua leh tui zawng zawng a hausa leh rethei, khawpui leh thingtlang kan tel vek tur niin kan pawimawh em em vek a ni. Chutah chuan kil tinah sawrkar fakna a awm rualin sawiselna pawh a awm ngei ang. Chu’ng chu ngun taka ngaihtuah a, pawmpui kher loh zawng ngaihdan a lo awm a nih pawhin rilru zau tak leh zawldawh taka lo ngaithla thei sawrkar tuang chhah (thick skin), chutih ruala mipuite harsatna hrethiam leh ngaihven tur khawpa mipuite mar dek thiam (sensitive) ni si kan neih theihna tur atan, thil thleng tawh leh kan paltlang tawhte hi min kaihruai tu atan hmang thei ila a duhawm hle ang.
