Kum 2025 chawhnu lama inthlang tura kan inngaih laiin, Village Council leh Local Council (VC/LC) election chu an term hman mek thla ruk(6) vel dawrha tihtawi sak niin, February thla chawhma lamah kan inthlang fel der mai. Politics-a inchirhthehna boruak chiri tak karah VC/LC te pawimawhna leh mawhphurhnate hi kan hriat nawn atan a pawimawh lehzual a. Hmasawnna hnathawhna atana a bulthut pawimawh tak an nih avangin, state sawrkar nen an thawh hona inkar that leh that lohin nghawng nasa tak a neiin, sawrkarna fawng chelhtu te pawhin an thawhpui thiam a pawimawh takzet a ni.
Village Council leh Local Council tobul
India Danpui (Constitution of India) hi India rama dan leh thuneihna hrang hrangte lo chhuahna hnar, innghahna leh tehfung ber a ni a. Central leh State sawrkar inrelbawl dan tur te duangin thuneihna insem dan te siamin an thuneihna chin te, an dan siam theihna chin te a rel fel thliah a ni.
Sawrkar hi hlawm lian deuhah Central leh State sawrkarah a then phawk theih a, State sawrkar hnuaiah ‘District level’ leh a hnuailamah te thuneihna sem darh lehin Village Council/Local Council “Tualchhung sawrkar” siamna tur ruangam a buatsaih bawk a ni. Kum 1992-a India Danpui Siamthat (Amendment to the Constitution of India) 73-na leh 74-naah khan hei hi duan a ni a, 73-na hian thingtlang lam a hman tur Panchayati Raj Institution, ‘Panchayats’ ti-a hriat tak hi a duang a, India Danpui Part IX( Art 243-243- O)-ah dahluh niin, 74-na hian khawpui lam a tualchhung sawrkar, ‘Municipalities’ ti-a kan hriat zui tak dinna tur a duan leh niin, Part IX-A (243P-243ZG)-ah dah luh a ni. An thuneihnain a huam chin pawh India Danpui Schedule 11 leh 12-ahte dahluh an ni. State sawrkarin chumi zinga thuneihna a pek ang chin zel chu an thuneihna tur a ni.
India Danpuia Art. 243-M-in min awl avangin he Danpui Siamthat 73-naa Panchayati Raj Institution ang hi Mizoramah kan hmang ve lo a. Kan hmang ve duh a nih chuan State Legislature-in member hmun thuma thena hmun hnih pawmpuinain resolution a siam hmangin kan hmang ve thei thung.
British in India ram a awp lai khan tlang mi (Tribal) thenkhat, hnam ziarang hrang deuh ni-a an hriatte chu inrelbawlna dan hran min siamsak a. India Danpui kan lo neih tak hnu pawh khan India Danpui hnuai a Schedule 6-naah hmangin tlang mi, hnam ziarang hrang nei thenkhatte pualin inrelbawlna siamsak kan ni. Kum 1952 khan India Danpui hnuaia Schedule 6-na hmang hian Assam State hnuaiah District Council kan lo nei ta a. ‘Lushai Hills District Council’ (Kum 1954 ah ‘Mizo District Council’ ti a thlak tak) chu April 25, 1952 ah chuan hman a lo ni ta a ni. Hetih lai hian chhim lamah Pawi –Lakher Regional Council chu India Danpui Schedule 6-na hnuaiah vek hian din a ni bawk. Kum 1972-a Mizoram chu Union territory (UT) a hlankai a nih khan Pawi Lakher Regional Council atang hian Autonomous District Council (ADC) pathum (3) a piang zui a, vawiin thlenga ADC pathum la awm zui ta te hi an ni.
India Danpui a Schedule 6 paragraph 3, sub-para (1) clause (e) leh (f) chuan District Council-te chu Village Council din phalna a pek angin ‘Lushai Hills District (Village Council) Act 1953’ hmangin Village Council hi din a ni a. Assam sawrkar gazette-ah December 9, 1953 ah tihchhuah a ni. Kum 1954-ah Village Council inthlan hmasa ber chu neih niin, hmun hrang hrangah a rual lo a neih a ni a, August 16, 1954-ah a rualin an ding tan thung a ni.
Kum 1954-ah Assam Lushai Hills District (Acquisition of Chief’s Rights) Act, 1954 hmang chuan Mizo khawtlang rorelnaa thuneitu sang tak, Lal te chu ban an lo ni zui ta a.Kum 1956 a lo herchhuah meuh chuan lal zawng zawngte chu ban kim niin, khawtlang rorelna kenkawh kawngah District Council leh Village Council-te chuan a lo luahlan ta a. Hun a kal zel a, District atangin UT leh State te hial kan neih hnu pawhin India Danpui Schedule 6-na hnuaia kan Village Council chu kan la hmang ta zel a. Autonomous District Council pathumteah erawh an pualin ADC tinin an dan siam theuh hmangin Village Council din a ni thung a. ADC-in Village Council dan a hman hi, Village Council dan, Lushai Hills District (Village Council) Act 1953 leh a hnuaia dan tesep nen hian a inang lo a, Tun tum ah erawh ADC pawn lam Village Council te bik kan thlur dawn a ni.
Local Council tobul leh nihphung hi Village Council nen a inang lo a. India Danpui siamthat 74-na (kum 1992) chuan khawpuia inrelbawlna tur kalphung a duang a. He dan behchhan hian ‘The Mizoram Municipalities Act, 2007’ chu Aizawl-a hman ni turin Mizoram sawrkar rorel khawl, Legislative Assembly chuan dan a siam a. He dan hmang hian Kum 2010 khan Aizawl Municipal Council inthlan hmasa ber neiin Aizawl khawpui inrelbawlna Aizawl Municipal Council [(AMC)Corporation ni ta] chu kan lo nei ta a ni. The Mizoram Municipalities Act, 2007 behchhan hian AMC huamchhung chu bial hrang hrangah then a ni a. He dan (Act) hmang hian dan tesep hrang hrang zingah, The Mizoram Municipalities (Ward Committee and Local Council Rules) 2010 chu siam a lo ni ta a. He dan tesep hmang hian tunhma a Village Council ni thin, AMC-in a huam takte chu Local Council hian a lo thlak ta a. Kum 2010 khan Local Council inthlan hmasa ber chu neih a ni. Local Council thuneihna leh mawhphurhna pawh Village Council nen a inang chiah lo deuh a ni.
Village Council thuneihna leh mawhphurhna
Village Council-te thuneihna hnar lian ber chu Lushai Hills District ( Village Councils) Act, 1953 hi a ni a [Hei hi siamthat (amend) a lo ni fo tawh]. He dan hnuaiah hian dan tesep (rules) hrang hrang engemawzat siam a ni bawk a. A then hman zui an ni tawh lo a, a then dan dangin a luahlan zui takte a awm nual bawk. Village Council innghahna dan, Lushai Hills (Village Council) Act 1953 (2014 a siamthat thleng)-in thuneihna leh mawhphurhna a pek langsar zual te chu :
He’ng bakah hian State sawrkarin a ruahman anga chhiah lak theihna an nei a, hei hi a taka kalpuina erawh a la awm lo niin a lang.
Village Council thuneihna hi huam kim tak a sawi harsa tak a ni a. Dan hrang hrang fawmkhawm ngai a nih avangin a zualpui chauh kan sawi thei dawn a ni.
The Mizoram (Land Revenue) Act, 2013 chuan Village Council te thuneihna leh mawhphurhna a pe nual bawk a; tlang ram lo neihna ( jhumming) khuaah chuan tlang ram lo neih aiah ‘special economic programme’ atan State Sawrkarin ruahmanna a siam ang zulzuiin ram ruak theh te Sec 14(3), ‘Survey leh settlement operation’ tihlohnaah chuan ‘pass’ pek theihna te (Sec 21(3), Village Master Plan siamna kawngah Revenue Officer te puih te, Village Site Plan tihna khua/vengah chuan ‘House Site’ pek theihna te (Sec 39) an nei a ni.
Ni za (100) Inhlawhna kan tih mai, MGNREGA ‘Operational Guidelines 2013, 4th Edition’ chuan Village Council te hi thuneihna a pe nual bawk a. Job Card atan dilna dawn leh card pek chhuah (issue) te, Chhungkaw tin chhinchhiahna buatsaih te, Sum che vel chhinchhiahna (account) vawn te, sum hmanna lehkha (utilization certificate) fel tak Central/State sawrkar ruahman ang a siam te, sum hmanna, a lut leh chhuak te leh kum khat chhung a hmalakna kimchang report siam a Vantlang Rorelna (Gram Sabha)-ah kimchang takin vantlang endik (social audit) tur a chhawpchhuah te, hnathawh endik leh thildang pawimawh tak tak te a tel a ni. Hetiang a nih avang hian kan tarlan bakah hian sawrkar scheme/programme hrang hrang hnuaiah Village Council te hian thuneihna engemaw zat an nei a, he’ng programme/scheme dan leh kaihhruaina te hi uluk taka en a pawimawh hle.
Vantlang Rorelna (Gram Sabha) leh a thuneihna
Village Council te hian langtlang taka an mawhphurhna an hlen a tul a. Mipuite pawhin vantlang rorel inkhawm (Gram Sabha) neih hi ngaih pawimawh a tul hle. VC te thuneihna hi a nih ang taka kalpui tur chuan sawrkar lama thuneitute pawhin dik taka thil kalpui a, danin VC thuneihna a pek ang te chhuhsak loh a, mumal taka ro inrel thei tura puih thiam zawk a pawimawh hle a ni.
Village Council tin huamchhungah hian kumtin vantlang rorel inkhawm chu vawi 3 tal neih tur a ni a, vantlang rorel inkhawm nei tur hian electoral roll thar ber a hming chuang chin za a sawm (10%) tal an kal tur a ni. Dan naranin VC President-in vantlang rorel inkhawm hi a kaihruai tur a ni.
Vantlang rorel inkhawm (Gram Sabha) hian thuneihna pawimawh tak tak a neih zingah chuan rethei te dawmkanna hrang hrang dawngtu (beneficiaries) tur zawnchhuah (identification) leh thlan (selection) te, sawrkar tanpuina dang hrang hrangah pawh chutiang hna thawh te; Vantlang thil humhalh te, khawtlang hmasawnna tur a kumtin ruahmanna leh project leh programme hrang hrang pawm leh chutiang ruahmanna hna te thawh a nih dawn a pawm te an ni a. Tin, Gram Sabha leh Village Council hi mi chhawmdawlna pek an nih dawnin rawn hmasak ngei an ni tur a ni. (Lushai Hills District (Village Council) Act 1953)
Ni za (100) inhlawhna kan tih mai, MNREGA ‘Operational Guidelines 2013, 4th Edition’ chuan vantlang rorel inkhawm (Gram Sabha ) hi thuneihna a pe sang em em a – hnathawh tur rawttu leh hna thawh dan tur a ngaihpawimawh hmasak a zira a tahtawla kal dan tur kawngah thutlukna tawp siam theitu a ni, a ti.
An huamchhunga he hna thawhte endik te, a kalpui dan a dik tawk em? tih te endik tura social audit neih te leh, implementing agency hnen atanga an mamawh ang information pawimawh lak te a huam a ni. Vantlang rorel inkhawm pawimawihna leh mipui rorelna lungphum inghahna bul anih dan hi mipui leh VC member te ngei pawhin kan la hrefiah tawk zo lo deuh ni hian a lang a. Tin, VC lam in thutlukna tur nei sa deuh rohin a hminga vantlang rorel inkhawm ko ve satliah mai hi kan awm nual thin a, hei hian mi tam tak rilruah vantlang rorel inkhawm hi awmze nei em em lova ngaihna a siamin khaw thenkhatah chuan rorelna hmuna tel pawh an chak loh phah thin a ni. Mipui te leh khawtlang hruaitu ten he vantlang rorek inkhawm hi tangkai leh awmze nei zawka kan hman thiam a; khawtlang inrelbawlna langtlang leh mi tam ber te duhdan ang a thutlukna siam a nih theihna tura beih a tul takzet a ni.
Tlangkawmna
District Council atanga State a hlan kai kan nihna pawh kum engemawzat a ni ta a. Autonomous District Council pawnlamah chuan Village Council leh State sawrkar inkarah hian District Council a awm ve ta lo a, a kar hi a zau ta hle a ni. Mipui rorelna sawrkar tihchakna leh State sawrkara thuneihna mi tlemte kuta a insawrkhawm lohna atan Village Council/Local Council te hi tihchak a, thuneihna pawh hei aia tam zawk pek te, kan dan neih te pawh siam that a tul ta hle.
Khawtlang hruaitu kan thlan tharte te pawhin kan khua/veng hmasawnna hi thupui bera nei tur leh kan awm chhan a ni tih hre tharin party-politics hrisel lo leh ther lo in a tihbuai phak loh a hnathawk tak tak thei tura rilru lam inpuahchah pawh a tul viauin a rinawm. Tualchhung sawrkar hi mipui rorelna bulthut a nih vangin ngaihpawimawh a tul hle a. Dan kan neih sa ang ang te hi a nihna ang taka hman chuan rorelna tha zawk neihna atana hmanraw tangkai tak a ni thei bawk a ni. VC leh LC te hi NGO nen ngaihfin loin, mipui te thlan lal, tualchhung sawrkar, dan ang thlapa din ngei a nihna leh a pawimawhna te hi hriat thar fo a tul a.
Village Council/Local Council te pawimawhna hriain State sawrkar pawhin inkungkaihna tha siam a, party politics dahthaa an thuneihna leh chanvo te palzut mai lova ngaihpawimawh leh tihchak deuh deuh a tul tak meuh a ni. State sawrkara roreltu leh Village/Local level a roreltute party lawina inan loh avanga hnathawk hleithei lo khawp a rorelna chiri leh politics a inbeihna hi te pawh kalsan a hun tawh hle. Chhuanlam fahrah te te siam a opposition party te rorelna VC te dissolve a, a titheitu ni avanga chhan tha tawk awm lova an term pawh tawi sakte hi eng party pawh sawrkar se, kan bansan hmak a ngai a ni. Tin, tualchhung sawrkar enkawl tura mipui thlan lal an ni a, State sawrkar rorel lai party-in an duh duha an sawp theih lohna turin, VC inrelbawlna kawnga dan siamtuten thuneihna uchuak tak an inpek thin pawh hi siamthat (amend) a tul a, tualchhung sawrkar ten mumal zawka mipui tan hna an thawh theihna turin thuneihna pek belh te pawh a tha awm e.
